Solid Carbide Router Bits and Compression Spirals for. Vortex Tool Company, Inc. Over the past two decades, Vortex Tool. Company has built a reputation as an innovator, manufacturing high. ALL of our solid carbide tools are manufactured right here in. Schofield, Wisconsin at our state- of- the- art manufacturing facility using. Vortex produces tools with. View Corporate and Tooling Videos. If you break a piece of wood, the stringy fibers make it difficult to get a clean break. If you split a piece of wood, the split is clean because the stringy fibers run parallel to the separation. When wood is crosscut (cut across the grain or stringy fibers), a crosscut blade is used. The teeth are designed for crosscutting. Rip blades (for cutting with the grain or fibers) are designed for ripping only. They do not crosscut efficiently. It must be sharp and true. Blades should be checked frequently to make sure of this. Carpenter Brothers, Inc. Though foundry supplies and equipment have. Since its establishment in 1986 Fall River Manufacturing has been producing Precision Custom Machining in a wide variety of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. TYPE 2540 -- FOR NON-FERROUS MACHINING Use for production milling of aluminum, magnesium, zinc, brass, bronze, plastics and non-metals. Very large flute capacity.
Imagine a thin disc with the force of 1- 1/2 horsepower at 3,4. There is great power at the center and great resistance at the outer edge. This generates the stress, heat, and vibration that dull the blade. This is why many blades have small slots at their outer edges. These slots allow the blade to expand as the edge heats up. The slots prevent possible blade warpage. Circular Saw Terms. The cut made by a circular saw blade is called the kerf. The kerf must be slightly larger than the saw- blade thickness. The tooth set or offset is the bend in the teeth. This set allows the blade to cut a kerf that is larger than the blade’s thickness. The teeth on a circular saw blade are set in alternate directions. It carries away the sawdust cut by the tooth. The larger the tooth, the larger the gullet. Rip saws usually have a hook angle of about 3. Crosscut saws usually have a hook angle of about 1. The greater the hook angle, the bigger the tooth’s bite. Negative hook angles are sometimes used for tough cutting jobs. Some circular saw blades designed to cut used lumber have a negative hook angle. This allows them to cut nails or other metal in the wood. Top clearance is the downward slope of the back of the tooth. Without top clearance, the blade cannot cut. Common Blade Types. Rip Blades. Rip blades have deep gullets and a large hook angle. The tooth’s cutting edge looks like a chisel. It has a straight cutting edge designed to cut with the grain. Rip teeth are usually quite large. Crosscut Blades Crosscut blades have smaller teeth than rip blades. The teeth on a crosscut blade come to a point, not an edge. This allows them to cut the stringy fibers in the wood. Combination Blades Combination blades are designed for both ripping and crosscutting. They work very well for cutting wood fibers at an angle (miter joints). Some combination blades have teeth that come to a point, but have a rip- tooth profile. Others have a chisel edge and a smaller hook angle. These blades do not produce smooth cuts, but they are well suited to general carpentry on rough construction. These blades have both rip and crosscut teeth. Novelty combination blades are preferred for cabinet and furniture work. This is because they cut smoothly with little tear- out. Hollow- Ground Blades Hollow- ground blades are blades with no set. The sides of the blade are recessed for clearance in the kerf. Some hollow- ground blades have sides that are recessed all the way to the hub. Others are recessed only part of the way. Blades with partially recessed sides cannot cut thick stock, but are more rigid. The sides of the blade may burn and accumulate pitch (wood residue) if they are used for heavy cutting instead of finish cutting. Hollow- ground blades work best with very true stock. Most hollow- ground blades have novelty combination teeth. Hollow- ground blades are sometimes called planer blades. This is because the wood is very smooth after being cut. It appears to have been planed. Plywood Blades Plywood blades, sometimes called paneling or veneer blades, are designed to cut hardwood plywood with cabinet- or furniture- grade outer veneers. These blades have very fine crosscut teeth with little set. Some of these blades are hollow ground. The fine teeth and small amount of set allow very smooth splinter- free cuts. These blades should be used only when appropriate. Using them for other purposes can ruin them quickly. Certain types of plywood cores (particle or fiber) can dull these blades quickly. Carbide- tipped blades would be a better choice for particle- or fiber- core plywood or other sheet stock. They have a fine kerf which reduces the amount of wood wasted. In addition, because the teeth are offset, there is little friction during the cut. The small teeth also take a small bite and reduce the chance of kickback. These blades also work well for sawing the lid off a box. Carbide- Tipped Blades Carbide- tipped blades have teeth made from small pieces of carbide. The carbide is brazed onto the circular blade. Usually, there is a little set cut in the blade. This is where the carbide is brazed. Most carbide tips are wider than the metal blade, so no set is required. Carbide is much harder than the steel used for conventional blades. Carbide- tipped blades stay sharp five to ten times longer than conventional blades. Because of its hardness, carbide is also quite brittle. Carbide will fracture easily if struck against a hard object. Carbide- tipped blades must be handled with care. Carbide- tipped blades are preferred for tough materials such as hardboard, plastic laminates, and particleboard. They do not always resemble their steel counterparts. Usually, the type of teeth, the number of teeth, and the hook angle determine the blade’s function. The teeth may be alternate top bevel, triple chip, rip, cut- off, or combination. Blade Deflection. A condition in which the circular- saw blade bounces away from the workpiece. Carbide- Tipped Blade. A blade with teeth made from small pieces of carbide. Carbide- tipped blades are much harder and more brittle than the steel used for conventional blades. They are also more expensive, but require much less maintenance. Carbide- tipped blades come in the following classifications: rip, crosscut, hollow- ground, and plywood. Coarse Blade A blade with large teeth, designed for heavy, fast, or less delicate work. Fine Blade A blade with small teeth, designed for more delicate work. Crosscut Blade. A blade that cuts across the grain. Crosscut blades have smaller teeth than rip blades. These teeth come to a point, not an edge. Footprint (blade) Amount of blade engaged with the workpiece. Friction The amount of resistance caused by contact between the sides of the blade and the saw kerf. Hollow- Ground Blade (also called Planer Blade)A blade with no set. The sides of the blade are recessed for clearance in the kerf hollow- ground blades should be used to cut mitres and compound mitres, but not used for heavy ripping. Kerf The cut made by a circular- saw”, blade. The kerf must be larger than the saw- blade thickness. Particleboard Sheet material made from wood chips or wood particles. Resins Material within the wood which can build up on sides of the blade. Runout The amount that one surface is not true with another surface, or any deviation from a true orbit. Rip Blade A blade with a straight- cutting edge that is designed to cut with the grain. Rip blades have deep gullets and large hook angles. Tear- out (grain) When the blade rips or tears out the grain of a workpiece. Tear- out can occur on the back, top, or bottom of a workpiece. Tooth Set The bend in the blade’s teeth that allows the blade to cut a kerf that is larger than the blade’s thickness. BLADESA dull blade will cause slow, inefficient cutting and an overload on the saw motor. It is a good practice to keep extra blades on hand so that sharp blades are available while the dull ones are being sharpened. Hardened gum on the blade will slow down the cutting. This gum can best be removed with trichlorethylene, kerosene or turpentine. The following types pes of blade can be used with your saw: COMBINATION BLADE—This is the latest- type fast- cutting blade for general service ripping and crosscutting. Each blade carries the correct number of teeth to cut chips rather than scrape sawdust. CHISEL- TOOTH COMBINATION—Chisel- tooth blade edge is specially designed for general- purpose ripping and crosscutting. Use of maximum speed in most cutting applications. FRAMING/RIP COMBINATION—A 4. Rips, crosscuts, mitres, etc. Gives fast, smooth finishes when cutting with the grain of both soft and hard woods. Popular with users of worm- drive saws. CROSSCUT BLADE—Designed specifically for fast, smooth crosscutting. Makes a smoother cut than the Combination Blade listed above. RIP BLADE—Fast for rip cuts. Minimum binding and better chip clearance given by large teeth. PLYWOOD BLADE—A hollow- ground, hard- chromed surface blade especially de. Ideal for interior wood. Hollow ground to produce the finest- possible saw- cut finish. FLOORING BLADE—This is the correct blade to use on jobs when occasional nails may be encountered. Especially useful in cutting through flooring, sawing reclaimed lumber and opening boxes. METAL- CUTTING BLADE—Has teeth shaped and set for cutting aluminum, copper, lead, and other soft metals. FRICTION BLADE—Ideal for cutting corrugated, galvanized sheets and sheet metal up to 1. Cuts faster, with less dirt, than abrasive disc. Blade is taper- ground for clearance. Four Popular Saw Blade Tooth Designs. Flat Top Grind (FT). Generally, or cutting material with grain. Larger gullets on this type blade accept greater chip loads; permit higher feed rates. Excellent for going on either single or multi- rip machines where speed of cut are more important than quality of cut. Teeth with square or flat top shape act as chisels, cutting aerial with chisel- like action. Recommended for cutting brittle and/or hard, abrasive- type materials. Two shapes of teeth—alternate triple- edge and flat top design for dual action Cutting. Triple- edge teeth chip down center of kerf; flat top raker teeth follow to clean out material from both sides. TC& F blades with negative hook angle are also recommended for cutting non- ferrous metals. Negative hook angle prevents climbing: gives you total control over the feed rate. Alternate Top Bevel Grind (ATB). For across- the- grain cut. Top bevel shaped teeth sever the material with shearing action alternately left and right.
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